HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY IMPORTANT SHORT QUESTIONS
FOR D.PHARMACY 1ST YEAR
PREPARED
BY MR. ABHIJIT DAS
1. ECG
stands for- Electrocardiogram[MIMP], EEG-Electro
encephalogram
2. ESR
stands for- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate[MIMP]
3. Rods
and cones are two photo receptors present in retina.
4.
Femur
is the largest and stapes is the smallest bone of the human body.[MIMP]
5.
There are 31 pairs
of spinal nerve and 12 pairs of cranial nerves in our body.[MIMP]
6.
Blood pressure is
measured by the instrument known as sphygmomanometer & haemoglobin
is measured by sahli’s haemoglobinometer.[MIMP]
7. Enzyme
is called biocatalyst and hormone is called chemical messenger in the
body.[MIMP]
8. The
wave concentration in the heart originates from the SA node and
transmitted to the AV node.
9. All
arteries carry oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery and all veins
carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein.
10. A
tendon attaches a muscle to bone.
11. Posterior
label of pituitary gland secret oxytocin and vasopressin
hormones. [MIMP]
12. Endocrine
gland of pancreas secret insulin and glucagon hormones.[MIMP]
13. Muscle
fibres contain protein called actin and myosin.
14. Tensor
tympani and stapedious are two muscles
present in middle ear.[MIMP]
15. CNS
is divided into brain and spinal cord.
16. Secretion
of endocrine gland is called hormones
17. Eustachian
tube extends from pharynx to middle ear.[MIMP]
18. Universal
doner is of O blood group and universal acceptor is of AB blood
group.[MIMP]
19. Acetyl
choline and adrenaline are called as
neurochemical transmitters.[MIMP]
20. The
regulation of heart beat and blood pressure are under the control of autonomic
nervous system.
21. Two
vertebral arteries unite to form basilar artery.
22. C.S.F
is present in subarachnoid space of brain and spinal cord.
23. Appendicular
part of skeleton contains 126 no. of bones.
24. Vocal
cord is present in larynx of respiratory system.
25. Femur
is the longest and strongest bone of our body.[MIMP]
26. Vermiform
appendix is present in caecum of large intestine.
27. SA
node is situated at right atrium of the heart.
28. Pancreas
organ has both endocrine and exocrine function.[MIMP]
29. Hyper
secretion of growth hormone in children causes gigantism.
30. Shoulder
joint is formed by humerus and scapula.
31. Motor
nerves carries the impulse to the effector organ.
32. Shoulder
joint is an example of ball and sucket joint.
33. Ear
organ is responsible for maintaining balance.
34. Oxytocin
hormone helps in child birth.[MIMP]
35. Fertilization
of ovum occurs at fallopian tube [MIMP]
36. The
pH value of blood is 7.4
37. 206
no. of bones are present in our body.
38. Pulmonary
veins carry oxygenated blood.
39. The
normal value of haemoglobin in male is 13.5-17.5 g/dl.
40. The
two sounds produced by heart valves are lub & dub.
41. 24
no. of vertebrae are present in vertebral column & atlas is the name of the
first cervical vertebra.
42. The
neuromuscular junction is formed by nerve ending and skeletal musckle.
43. Extension
of connective tissue beyond muscle cell the muscle to bone is called tendon
& muscle to another muscle is called muscle fascia.
44. 32
no. of permanent teeth & 20 no. of temporary teeth are present in human.[MIMP]
45. Structural
and functional unit of living being – cell
46. Normal
haemoglobin count in female – 12-15.5 g/dl
47. Normal
value of tidal volume- 500ml
48. Intestinal
juice is also known as- succus entericus
49. Life
span of RBC- 120days [MIMP]
50. Small
bundle of involuntary muscles attached to hair follicles- arrector pilli
51. EAM-
external auditory meatus
52. SA
node acts as pace maker of the heart.
53. AB
blood group is universal recipient.
54. pH
of blood- 7.4
55. cardiac
output= The cardiac output is the amount of blood pushed out
by each ventricle in one minute.
heart rate*strock vol[MIMP]
56. Hip
joint is a ball and sucket type of joint.
57. Nephron-
structural and functional unit of kidney.[MIMP]
58. Mitosis-
it is a cell division process where a single cell is divided into two identical
daughter cells
59. Micturition-
the action of urinating
60. Lymph-
lymph is a fluid made of lymphocytes(B & T lymphocytes), that attack
microorganisms in the blood.[MIMP]
61. ESR-
erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a type of blood test that measures how
quickly red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube.
62. Synapse-
space between two neurons.
63. Mandible-
It is a bone which forms the lower jaw
64. Cardiac
cycle- relaxation of ventricles+ contraction of
ventricles+ relaxation of atria+ contraction of atria
65. Reflex
action- it is an involuntary and instantaneous movement in response to a
stimulus.
66. ECG-
It is a simple test that can be used to check herat’s electrical activity
67. Systole-
contaction of heart, diastole- relaxation of heart
68. Different
types of blood group – A+,A-,B+,B-,AB+,AB-,O+,O-
69. Normal
count of RBC- 4.7-6.1 million cells/microlite(in male), 4.2-5.4 million
cells/microliter(in female)
70. Normal
count of WBC- 5000-10000 cells/microliter(in males), 4500-11000 cells
/microliter(in female)
71. Composition
of urine- 95% water, urea, chloride, sodium, potassium, creatinine, ions etc.
72. Abnormal
constituents of urine- sugar, blood, bile salt, ketone bodies etc.
73. Myopia-
close objects appear clearly and far ones don’t appear clearly.
74. Glaucoma- the nerve connecting the eye to the brain is
damaged due to high pressure
75. Types
of permanent teeth- incisors, canine, premolar, molar
76. Organelles
present in cytoplasm of cell- nucleus, ribosome, mitochondria, golgi body etc.
77. Cytology-
Study of cell
78. Haematology-
study of blood
79. Menopause-
when a woman’s menstruation stops
80. Infertility-
not getting pregnant despite having non protected sex for one year
81. Parts
of CNS- brain and spinal cord
82. Neuron-
structural and functional unit of nervous system.
83. Anaemia-anaemia
is a condition in which the number of red blood cells is lower than the normal
range.
84. Joints-
a joint is the part of body where two or more bones meet.
85. The
process of red blood cell formation- erythropoiesis
86. Bone
is a connective tissue.
87. Back
flow of GI track is prevented by esophageal sphincter.
88. Liver
is the largest gland present in the body.
89. Respiratory
centre present in brain stem.
90. Skin
contains keratinised stratified epithelium.
91. The
increased intra ocular pressure of eye produces glaucoma.
ALL THE BEST