VARIOUS ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGIES
PREPARED BY MR. ABHIJIT DAS
GENERAL
TERMS
1.
Anterior (ventral): Toward the front of the body.
2.
Posterior (dorsal): Toward the back of the body.
3.
Superior (cranial): Toward the head or upper part of the body.
4.
Inferior (caudal): Away from the head, or the lower part of the body.
5.
Medial: Toward the midline
of the body.
6.
Lateral: Away from
the midline of the body.
7.
Proximal: Closer to
the point of attachment to the body.
8.
Distal: Farther from
the point of attachment to the body.
9.
Superficial: Toward or at the body surface.
10.
Deep: Away from the body surface; more internal.
BODY
CAVITIES
1.
Thoracic Cavity:
Contains the heart and lungs.
2.
Abdominal Cavity:
Contains digestive organs such as the stomach, liver, and intestines.
3.
Pelvic Cavity:
Contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.
TERMS
RELATED TO DIFFERENT SYSTEMS AND ORGANS
Cardiac: Related to the heart.
Hepato: Related to the liver.
Hemato: Related to blood.
Neuro: Related to
nerves or the nervous system.
Gastro: Related to the stomach.
Entero: Related to the intestines.
Nephro: Related to the kidneys.
Pulmo: Related to the lungs.
Osteo: Related to bones.
Myo: Related to muscles.
Dermato: Related to the skin.
Endocrino:
Related to endocrine glands and hormones.
PLANES OF THE BODY
1.
Sagittal
Plane: Divides the body into left and right parts.
2.
Midsagittal
(Median) Plane: Divides
the body into equal left and right halves.
3.
Frontal
(Coronal) Plane: Divides
the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back)
parts.
4.
Transverse
(Horizontal) Plane: Divides
the body into superior (upper) and inferior
(lower) parts.