HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
IMPORTANT SHORT QUESTIONS
FOR D.PHARMACY 1ST YEAR
PREPARED
BY MR. ABHIJIT DAS
1. ECG
stands for- Electrocardiogram[MIMP], EEG-Electro
encephalogram
2. ESR
stands for- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate[MIMP]
3. Rods
and cones are two photo receptors present in retina.
4. Femur
is the largest and stapes is the smallest bone of the human body.[MIMP]
5. There
are 31 pairs of spinal nerve and 12 pairs of cranial nerves in
our body.[MIMP]
6. Blood
pressure is measured by the instrument known as sphygmomanometer &
haemoglobin is measured by sahli’s haemoglobinometer.[MIMP]
7. Enzyme
is called biocatalyst and hormone is called chemical messenger in the
body.[MIMP]
8. The
wave concentration in the heart originates from the SA node and
transmitted to the AV node.
9. All
arteries carry oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery and all veins
carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein.
10.
A tendon attaches a muscle
to bone.
11.
Posterior label of pituitary gland
secret oxytocin and vasopressin hormones. [MIMP]
12.
Endocrine gland of pancreas secret insulin
and glucagon hormones.[MIMP]
13.
Muscle fibres contain protein
called actin and myosin.
14.
Tensor tympani
and stapedious are two muscles present in middle ear.[MIMP]
15.
CNS is divided into brain
and spinal cord.
16.
Secretion of endocrine gland is
called hormones and exocrine gland is enzymes.
17.
Eustachian tube extends from pharynx
to middle ear.[MIMP]
18.
Universal doner is of O
blood group and universal acceptor is of AB blood group.[MIMP]
19.
Acetyl choline
and adrenaline are called as neurochemical transmitters.[MIMP]
20.
The regulation of heart beat and
blood pressure are under the control of autonomic nervous system.
21.
Two vertebral arteries unite to
form basilar artery.
22.
C.S.F is present in subarachnoid
space of brain and spinal cord.
23.
Appendicular part of skeleton
contains 126 no. of bones.
24.
Vocal cord is present in larynx
of respiratory system.
25.
Femur
is the longest and strongest bone of our body.[MIMP]
26.
Vermiform appendix is present in caecum
of large intestine.
27.
SA node is situated at right
atrium of the heart.
28.
Pancreas
organ has both endocrine and exocrine function.[MIMP]
29.
Hyper secretion of growth hormone
in children causes gigantism.
30.
Shoulder joint is formed by humerus
and scapula.
31.
Motor
nerves carries the impulse to the effector organ.
32.
Shoulder
joint is an example of ball and sucket joint.
33.
Ear
organ is responsible for maintaining balance.
34.
Oxytocin
hormone helps in child birth.[MIMP]
35.
Fertilization of ovum occurs at fallopian
tube on 14th day of menstruation.[MIMP]
36.
The pH value of blood is 7.4
37.
206
no. of bones are present in our body.
38.
Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated
blood.
39.
The normal value of haemoglobin in
male is 13.5-17.5 g/dl.
40.
The two sounds produced by heart
valves are lub & dub.
41.
24 no. of vertebrae are present in
vertebral column & atlas is the name of the first cervical vertebra.
42.
The neuromuscular junction is
formed by nerve ending and skeletal musckle.
43.
Extension of connective tissue
beyond muscle cell the muscle to bone is called tendon & muscle to another
muscle is called muscle fascia.
44.
32 no. of permanent teeth & 20
no. of temporary teeth are present in human.[MIMP]
45.
All arteries carry oxygenated blood
except pulmonary artery and all veins carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary
vein.[MIMP]
46.
Structural and functional unit of
living being – cell
47.
Normal haemoglobin count in female
– 12-15.5 g/dl
48.
Normal value of tidal volume- 500ml
49.
Intestinal juice is also known as-
succus entericus
50.
Life span of RBC- 120days [MIMP]
51.
Small bundle of involuntary muscles
attached to hair follicles- arrector pilli
52.
EAM- external auditory meatus
53.
SA node
acts as pace maker of the heart.
54.
AB
blood group is universal recipient.
55.
pH of blood- 7.4
56.
cardiac output= heart rate*strock
vol[MIMP]
57.
Hip joint is a ball and sucket
type of joint.
58.
Nephron- structural and functional
unit of kidney.[MIMP]
59.
Mitosis- it is a cell division
process where a single cell is divided into two identical daughter cells
60.
Micturition- the action of
urinating
61.
Lymph- lymph is a fluid made of
lymphocytes(B & T lymphocytes), that attack microorganisms in the blood.[MIMP]
62.
ESR- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
is a type of blood test that measures how quickly red blood cells settle at the
bottom of a test tube.
63.
Synapse- space between two neurons.
64.
Mandible- It is a bone which forms
the lower jaw
65.
Cardiac cycle- relaxation of
ventricles(diastole) + contraction of ventricles(systole)
66.
Reflex action- it is an involuntary
and instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.
67.
ECG- It is a simple test that can e
used to check herat’s electrical activity
68.
Systole- contaction of heart,
diastole- relaxation of heart
69.
Different types of blood group –
A+,A-,B+,B-,AB+,AB-,O+,O-
70.
Normal count of RBC- 4.7-6.1
million cells/microlite(in male), 4.2-5.4 million cells/microliter(in female)
71.
Normal count of WBC- 5000-10000
cells/microliter(in males), 4500-11000 cells /microliter(in female)
72.
Composition of urine- 95% water,
urea, chloride, sodium, potassium, creatinine, ions etc.
73.
Abnormal constituents of urine- sugar,
blood, bile salt, ketone bodies etc.
74.
Myopia- close objects appear
clearly and far ones don’t appear clearly.
75.
Glaucoma- the nerve connecting the eye to the brain is
damaged due to high pressure
76.
Types of permanent teeth- incisors,
canine, premolar , molar
77.
Organelles present in cytoplasm of
cell- nucleus, ribosome, mitochondria, golgi body etc.
78.
Cytology- Study of cell
79.
Haematology- study of blood
80.
Menopause- when a woman’s
menstruation stops
81.
Infertility- not getting pregnant
despite having non protected sex for one year
82.
Parts of CNS- brain and spinal cord
83.
Neuron- structural and functional
unit of nervous system.
84.
Anaemia-anaemia is a condition in
which the number of red blood cells is lower than the normal range.
85.
Joints- a joint is the part of body
where two or more bones meet.
86.
The process of red blood cell
formation- erythropoiesis
87.
Bone is a connective tissue.
88.
Back flow of GI track is prevented
by esophageal sphincter.
89.
Liver
is the largest gland present in the body.
90.
Respiratory centre present in brain
stem.
91.
Skin contains keratinised
stratified epithelium.
92.
The increased intra ocular pressure
of eye produces glaucoma.
ALL THE BEST
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